Osmotic micropumps for drug delivery are applied to a broad. Elementary osmotic pump delivers 6080% of its contents at a constant rate, and there is a short lag time of 3060 min as the system hydrates before zero order delivery from the elementary osmotic pump is obtained. Osmotic pumps of different sizes and drug duration are available for purchase from alzet. Subcutaneous angiotensin ii infusion using osmotic pumps. If a pump instruction and specification sheet durect corporation manufactures a miniature implantable pump for use in laboratory animals. Osmotic pump implantation in mice and rats ucsf iacuc.
When it begins pumping, the constant action of the alzet pump pushes saline into one end of the catheter tubing, sequentially displacing the series of drug infusion and spacer substances from the opposite end. Incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms induced by angii infusion via osmotic pumps is 5 10 times lower in female hypercholesterolemic mice and also lower in both genders of normocholesterolemic mice. Contact with such substances can result in a pump malfunction. Principle of operation a schenlatic diagram of the illost general form of an osmotic pump is given in fig. Alzet pumps have been exposed to a sterilizing dose of radiation from a 60co source. This is a pdf file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. Isoproterenolinduced heart failure mouse model using.
Only the magnitude and the duration of delivery change. L reservoir to administer isoproterenol over 3 weeks. Alzet pumps operate because of an osmotic pressure difference between a compartment within the pump, called the salt sleeve, and the tissue environment in which the pump is implanted. Durect, cupertino, ca, which was placed in a subcutaneous pocket on the back. This video shows the parts of the pump and describes how the pump operates to enable continuous delivery osmotic pump mechanism on vimeo. Alzet microosmotic pump model 1004 performance of a pump if they accumulate on its surface. Osmotic pumps are miniature, infusion pumps which provide researchers with a safe method to deliver agent in vivo.
When it begins pumping, the constant action of the alzet pump pushes saline into one end of the catheter tubing, sequentially displacing the series of drug. Durect corporation alzet osmotic pump model 1002 manufacturer. Isoproterenol concentration varies depending on the body. Alzet osmotic pumps implantable infusion pumps for. As the core absorbs water, it expands in volume, which pushes the drug solution out through the delivery ports. Osmotic pump of this form are available under trade name alzet.
Alzet pumps are a simple, convenient and reliable method for continuous dosing of laboratory animals, including mice and rats. The active drug, prepared in a homogeneous solution, stable suspension, or emulsion, is contained in the drug reservoir of volume 1 d, and a delivery orifice. We chose the alzet model 1004 minipumps with a 100. Pdf osmotic micropumps for drug delivery researchgate. Maximize therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse effects. Alzet pumps may also be connected to a catheter to deliver the pump contents directly into the venous or arterial systems, the brain, or into any organ or tissue.
If more than one osmotic pumpanimal will be implanted this must be. Osmotic micropumps require no electrical energy and consequently enable drug delivery systems of smallest size for. Osmotic pumps release drug at a rate that is independent of the ph and hydrodynamics of the dissolution medium. The nominal performance is a target for all pumps manufactured. Empty reservoir within the core of the pump is filled with the drug or hormone solution to be delivered and is surrounded by salt chamber with impermeable layer between them it is an implantable osmotic pumps for laboratory animal the pump are used to deliver homogenous solution or suspension continuously at a. Alzet pumps are small, implantable devices for continuous dosing of unrestrained lab animals. Natural oils from your hands may damage the exterior of the. This procedure describes how to implant alzet osmotic minipumps. Development and evaluation of controlled porosity osmotic pump for nifedipine and metoprolol combination rajagopal kumaravelrajan, 1 nallaperumal narayanan, 2 and venkatesan suba 3 1 department of pharmaceutics, c. Alzet pumps are not compatible with aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as heptane, toluene, and natural oils. Alzet osmotic pumps can be implanted subcutaneously or intraperitoneally following the animal size guidelines. Alzet pumps have been used to target delivery to a wide variety of sites including the spinal cord, spleen, liver, organ or tissue transplants, and wound. Keywords alzet osmotic pump, poorly soluble compounds, solubilization. Osmotic pumps can be used for systemic administration.
Implantation of miniosmotic pumps and delivery of tract. Alzet pumps deliver by the process of osmotic displacement. Alzet pumps can also be used for targeted delivery, where the effects of a drug or test agent are localized in a particular tissue or organ, by means of a catheter. The alzet osmotic pump model 2ml2 delivers solutions continuously for 14 days without. Osmotic drug delivery uses the osmotic pressure for controlled delivery of drugs by using osmogens for upto 10 16 hrs. The alzet osmotic pumps 49 were developed in the seventies. Pdf implantation of osmotic pumps to deliver angii find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The first uses alzet osmotic pumps, connected to a catheter that is surgically implanted into the lateral ventricle.
Alzet pumps are available in a variety of sizes, durations and flow rates to meet a wide range of research needs. The osmotic controlled release oral delivery system oros is an advanced controlled release oral drug delivery system in the form of a rigid tablet with a semipermeable outer membrane and one or more small laser drilled holes in it. Convenient and reliable alternative to frequent injections. Theoretically, if one can reverse the collabing of the reservoir for instance by. This allows the asos to be continuously infused into the cns for a designated period of time. Durect corporation alzet osmotic pump model 1002 alzet. Mouse procedures\ osmotic pumps saha cardiovascular. Osmotic drug delivery system as a part of modified release dosage form. This video describes the inner parts of an alzet pump and how they operate to enable continuous delivery of. Open only the number of pumps and flow regulators needed for the study, as these cannot be stored once opened. Osmotic minipumps animal considerations osmotic minipumps can be implanted subcutaneously or intraperitoneally in rodents following the guidelines in table 5. Rose nelson pump the first osmotic pump developed in 1955 for the delivery of drugs to the sheep and cattle gut composed of three chambers water to be loaded prior to use was the drawbacks of rose nelson osmotic pump water chamber rigid semi permeable membrane elastic diaphragm delivery orifice drug chambersalt chamber 15. Also the flow moderator is inserted into the body of.
We recommend use of the smallest size pump allowable for the solubility of the agent and experimental duration. Osmotic drug delivery system as a part of modified release. Catheter tubing catheters premade needles port plugs tubing connectors stopcocks stylets injection ports osmotic pumps. In contrast, angiiinduced thoracic aortic aneurysms in mice are not hypercholesterolemia or genderdependent. Osmoticcontrolled release oral delivery system wikipedia. This document is intended to serve as a guide to help standardize the procedure by which an. An infusion pump infuses fluids, medication or nutrients into a patients circulatory system. They offer a simple, convenient and reliable alternative to repetitive videos in alzet osmotic pumps on vimeo. The pumps functionthrough an osmotic gradient between the pump and the tissue where the pump is implanted. Preparation and implantation alzet osmotic pumps sop9 osmotic pumps manufactured by alza corporation palo alto, ca are designed for constant rate delivery of test solutions over a.
Osmotic pumps are most promising systems for controlled drug delivery. Development and evaluation of controlled porosity osmotic. Alzet pumps operate because of an osmotic pressure dif ference between a. Alzet pumps are drug discovery tools that offer researchers enhanced control over test compound levels in plasma and tissues. While the pumping rate of each model is fixed at manufacture, the dose of agent delivered can be adjusted by varying the concentration. Pdf osmotic drug delivery system as a part of modified. Implantation of osmotic pumps in rodents university of. Osmotic drug delivery has come a long way since australian physiologists rose and nelson developed an implantable pump in 1955.
This article introduces a standard protocol used to induce aortic aneurysms via subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin ii angii from implanted osmotic pumps. Alzet surgical implantation procedures video on vimeo. It is generally used intravenously, although subcutaneous, arterial and epidural infusions are occasionally used infusion pumps can administer fluids in ways that would be impractically expensive or unreliable if performed manually by nursing staff. A series of sampling frequencies starting with 90 min and decreasing to 10 min using an osmotic pump same type, alzet 2ml1. By varying the concentration of the active agent in the dispersion, the amounts delivered can be varied at a constant temperature amkraut et al. Osmotic pumps are miniature infusion pumps for the continuous dosing of laboratory animals. Individual lots of pumps may vary from this target within limits. After a 2week recovery period 16 weeks of age, the mice were divided into 4 groups.
Through continuous infusion, these pumps maintain a welldefined, consistent pattern of drug exposure throughout the duration of the experiment. Has anyone had experience with reusing an alzet osmotic minipump. Osmotic pumps consist of an inner core containing drug and osmogens, coated with a semipermeable membrane. These infusion pumps continuously deliver drugs, hormones, and other test agents at controlled rates from one day to six weeks without the need for external connec. Demonstrated procedures include subcutaneous and interperitoneal implantation, and the use of a catheter for intravenous jugular, intrathecal, intragastric, and cranialcerebral infusion. Impact of central and peripheral estrogen treatment on. Microosmotic pumps for continuous release of the tyrosine.
Investigational longacting hiv product durect corporation. Alzet osmotic pumps are miniature, implantable pumps used for research in mice, rats, and other laboratory animals. The pump will remain in this position until it is removed and does not need any kind of fixation. Osmotic pumps are miniature, infusion pumps which provide researchers with a safe. Osmotic pumps continuously deliver compounds at a constant rate into small animals. Introduce the pump into the back of the animal leaving the catheter and cannula outside figure 2b.
Evaluatio of an osmotic pump for microdialysis sampling in. Solvent and agent compatibility with alzet osmotic pumps bases, dilute or low concentrations of dmso and alcohol, and up to 100% propylene and polyethylene glycol. These minipumps provide researchers with a method for controlled and continuous agent delivery in vivo. Implantable mini osmotic pump implantable mini osmotic pump is made up of three concentric layers, drug reservoir, the osmotic sleeves and the rate controlling semipermiable membrane. As the tablet passes through the body, water is absorbed through the semipermeable membrane via osmosis, and the resulting osmotic pressure is used to push the. The video also describes proper filling of the alzet pump and and surgical techniques for implantation in rats and mice. Use the forceps to open the space under the skin in the back of the animal where the pump will be implanted.
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